Isixhobo Umzobo Isembindini weyona nto ibalulekileyo yenguquko ekuqalisweni kwenkqubo Ubuntu 25.10Kweli nqaku siza kuchaza ukuba yintoni iDracut, kutheni ibalulekile, kwaye zeziphi iimpembelelo zokwenyani enazo kubo bobabini abasebenzisi bedesktop kunye nabalawuli benkqubo.
Kwimeko-bume ye-Ubuntu, xa sivula ikhompyuter, uthotho lwamanyathelo luyenziwa oluthi ekugqibeleni lulayishe inkqubo epheleleyo yokusebenza. Umzobo uyangenelela kuloo maxesha anzima okuqala: yakha umfanekiso wesiqalo (iniframEli lilungu elisetyenziswa yi-kernel yesixokelelwano ukufikelela kubaqhubi, ukubona iidrives, kunye nokunyuka kwendlela yefayile yengcambu. Ngokufika kwe-Ubuntu 25.10, eli candelo lithatyathelwe indawo ngokungagqibekanga, liphawula utshintsho olunzulu lobugcisa, nangona amava omsebenzisi engabonakali.
Yintoni iDracut?
Umzobo Yijenereyitha ye inifram esebenza njengesakhelo semodyuli sokwenza umfanekiso we-Linux kernel boot. inifram (inkqubo yefayile yokuqala ye-RAM) yinkqubo yefayile yethutyana eqala phambi kwenkqubo yokwenyani kwaye isetyenziselwa ukulayisha abaqhubi, nyusa inkqubo yefayile nokulungisa imekobume ukuze inkqubo engundoqo ikwazi ukuqala.
Injongo ye-Dracut kukubuyisela izikripthi ezinkulu, ezisisigxina zezixhobo ezindala (umzekelo, initramfs-izixhobo kwiDebian/Ubuntu) ngendlela yemodyuli esebenzisa inkqubo yesixhobo udev ukubona ihardware kwaye ibandakanye kuphela eyona nto ifunekayo ekuqaleni. Oku kunciphisa ingqiqo esisigxina kwaye iphucula ukuguquguquka. inifram kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo (i-hardware, izixhobo zokugcina, i-RAID, i-encryption, i-virtualization, njl.).
Ngoko ke, i-Dracut ayisona nje isixhobo, kodwa i-paradigm shift kwindlela isigaba sokuqala senkqubo yokuqalisa inkqubo yokusebenza yakhiwe.
Kutheni le nto u-Ubuntu 25.10 wamkele iDracut?
Esi sigqibo asizange sizenzekele. Ubuntu busebenzise le nto iminyaka. initramfs-izixhobo njengesixhobo sayo esingagqibekanga sokwenza umfanekiso wesiqalo. Kodwa kumjikelo wophuhliso lwe-Ubuntu 25.10 (“Quokka Questing”), kwagqitywa ekubeni kutshintshelwe kwi-Dracut njengento engagqibekanga yoguqulelo lwedesktop.
- Ugcino kunye nemodyuli: I-Dracut inokugcinwa okusebenzayo ngakumbi kunye noyilo lwemodyuli eyenza kube lula ukubandakanya okanye ukungabandakanyi amacandelo ngaphandle kwesidingo semibhalo emikhulu yesiko.
- Inkxaso yezixhobo zale mihla ezingcono: Ngetekhnoloji entsha efana ne-NVMe-oF, i-encryption, ukugcinwa ngokuthe ngqo, kunye ne-virtualization, i-Dracut inenkxaso engcono kunezixhobo ezindala.
- Ukungqinelana ne-systemd kunye nolunye unikezelo: Unikezelo oluninzi lwangoku sele lusebenzisa i-Dracut; Ubuntu buthatha eli lathiso ukulungelelanisa inkqubo yabo yokuqalisa kunye naloo ndlela.
- Ukulungiselela inguqulelo yeLTS yexesha elizayo: Ukwamkela i-Dracut kwi-25.10 ikuvumela ukuba ufumane impendulo phambi kwe-26.04 LTS yenguqulo kwaye iqinisekisa uzinzo lwexesha elide.
Ke, nangona abasebenzisi bokugqibela besenokungaqapheli naluphi na utshintsho olucacileyo kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla, ngasemva kwemiboniso kukho uphuculo olucwangcisiweyo olomeleza i-Ubuntu ye-ecosystem.
Loluphi utshintsho kubasebenzisi kunye nabalawuli?
Kumsebenzisi oqhelekileyo
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukutshintshela kwiDracut kufuneka kungabinamthungo ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa uqala ikhompyuter yakho, ungene, okanye usebenzisa inkqubo njengesiqhelo, akufanele ulindele naluphi na umahluko obonakalayo. Amava emihla ngemihla aya kuhlala engatshintshi.
Kubalawuli kunye neemeko zobugcisa ezingaphezulu
- Ukuqala okuthembekileyo nokukhawulezayo: I-Dracut ivelisa imifanekiso ekhaphukhaphu elungelelaniswe ngcono kwi-hardware, enokukhokelela kumaxesha okuqalisa ngokukhawuleza.
- Inkxaso yangoku: Ibonelela ngokudityaniswa okunamandla kunye ne-encryption, i-RAID, i-NVMe, kunye ne-virtualization.
- Ukungasebenzi: Ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokubanzi kulo lonke unikezelo kwenza kube lula ukwabelana ngeemodyuli kunye noqwalaselo.
- Personalización: Ikuvumela ukuba uchaze iimodyuli zesiko kunye nezikripthi zendawo ethile.
- Ukuhambelana: Ezinye iinkqubo ezinoqwalaselo oludala initramfs-izixhobo Basenokufuna ukuhlaziywa.
Kutheni le nto ukufakwa kwe-Dracut kwi-ecosystem ye-Ubuntu kubalulekile?
- Ukuqalisa ukuphuculwa: Hlaziya isiseko senkqubo yokuqaliswa kwenkqubo, uyilungelelanise nemigangatho yangoku.
- Ukuhambelana kwekamva: Iququzelela ukubandakanywa kwe-hardware entsha kunye nobuchwepheshe bokhuseleko.
- Umthwalo wolondolozo olusezantsi: Iyanciphisa imfuno yemibhalo yesiko kwaye iphucula umgangatho wenkqubo.
- Indlela eya kwi-LTS: Utshintsho lwangaphambili luqinisekisa uguqulelo oluqinileyo noluzinzileyo lwe-26.04.
- Ithuba elihle lokhuphiswano: Iqinisekisa indawo ka-Ubuntu njengosasazo lwangoku kunye nobungqina bexesha elizayo.
Kufuneka benze ntoni abasebenzisi abahlaziyayo?
- Qinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo ezinoguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo, iRAID, okanye iNVMe zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo emva kophuculo.
- Khangela ukuba useto lwesiko lwe inifram Zibonakaliswa kwiDracut.
- Yenza i-backup ngaphambi kokunyuselwa ku-Ubuntu 25.10.
- Hlaziya amaxwebhu okanye izikripthi ezixhomekeke kuyo initramfs-izixhobo.
- Yiba negalelo kuluntu ngokuthumela izimvo kunye neengxelo zebug.
Isiphelo
Umzobo Oku kubonisa ubungakanani obukhulu, nangona buthule, utshintsho kuBuntu 25.10 uyilo lwe-boot. Ngelixa abasebenzisi abaninzi bengayi kuqaphela, ngasemva kwezigcawu yindaleko ephucula ukumodareyitha, ukuhambelana nehardware yanamhlanje, kunye nokugcinwa kwenkqubo. Kubalawuli, sisixhobo esibhetyebhetye ngakumbi nesanamhlanje, kwaye kubasebenzisi bokugqibela, inkqubo yokuqalisa ethembekileyo neyobungqina bexesha elizayo.
Ekugqibeleni, i-Dracut ibalulekile kuba yomeleza isiseko apho uBuntu buhleli khona, ivula indlela yenkqubo yangoku, ezinzileyo, nesebenzayo.