Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, i ukukhululwa kwenguqulelo ekudala ilindelwe ye "APT 3.0", ebonisa ukuguquka kwalo mphathi wephakheji ye-APT ebalulekileyo, ebandakanya ukuphuculwa okuqokelelwe kwi-2.9 yesebe yovavanyo kunye nokuvula indlela yamava asebenzayo ekulawuleni isofthiwe kwiinkqubo ezisekelwe kwi-Debian.
Ukuba awukayazi malunga ne-APT (iSixhobo sePakethe esiPhezulu) kufuneka uyazi ukuba oku Sisixhobo esisisiseko kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo esekwe kwiDebian, njengo Ubuntu. I-APT isebenza njengojongano olukwinqanaba eliphezulu kwisixokelelwano sephakheji ye-.deb, ekuvumela ukuba ulawule isoftware kwi-terminal.
Iimpawu ezintsha eziphambili ze-APT 3.0
Kolu guqulelo lutsha lwe-APT 3.0, enye yezona zinto zintsha zinomdla kakhulu yi uhlaziyo lojongano lomsebenzisi, ngoku ngoku inikeza umboniso ocacileyo wemisebenzi yofakelo. Phambi kokuba ukuxhomekeka kubonakala njengoluhlu oluqhubekayo lwamagama empahla, Ngoku ziboniswa kwiikholamu ezilungelelaniswe ngombala.
Kwakhona, Amacandelo "iipakethe EZINTSHA" kunye "nepakethe ezongezelelweyo" ziye zadityaniswa, Ukuphelisa uphindaphindo kunye nokwenza imveliso ihlangane ngakumbi. Kwabo banqwenela ukwenza la mava ngokusesikweni, imimiselo emitsha yazisiwe njenge APT::Mbala::*, APT::Uqwalaselo::umbala, kunye no -umbala kunye no-no-umbala iinketho.
I-automatic pagination kunye nokuphuculwa kokukhangela
Inguqulelo entsha ye-APT 3.0 nayon iphumeza ukwenziwa kwamaphepha okuzenzekelayo kwimiyalelo efana bonisa, umgaqo-nkqubo, uluhlu, phendla kunye ne showrc. Eli nqaku lijolise ekuphuculeni amava kwiitheminali ngokubonisa iziphumo ezibanzi ngendlela enocwangco, njengoko ilawulwa lukhetho. Umbhinary::apt::Pager kunye nokuguquguquka kokusingqongileyo IPHEPHA, ivumela umboniso ukuba ulungelelaniswe kwizinto ezikhethwa ngumsebenzisi.
I-Solver3: Injini eNtsha yokuXhobisa ngokuXhomekeka
Ngaphandle kothandabuza enye yeempucuko ezifanele ukuqhwatyelwa izandla kolu kukhutshwa kwe-APT 3.0 yi Intshayelelo kwiSolver3, injini entsha yokusombulula iingxabano phakathi kokuxhomekeka. Inikwe amandla nge --solver 3.0 inketho, le nkqubo isebenzisa i-algorithm yokubuyela umva ephucula zombini ukukhethwa kwenguqulelo kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi kwe-APT, ngokuphindwe kabini isantya sokwenza iimvavanyo zangaphakathi.
ISolver3 ibandakanya inkxaso yohlaziyo lwamanqanaba amaninzi, ngenisa i--no-strict-pinning ukhetho lokufaka iinguqulelo zovavanyo, kuqinisa ukhuseleko ekukhutshweni kweepakethe ezifakwe ngesandla kwaye ilungiselela ukucocwa okuzenzekelayo kokuxhomekeka okungasetyenziswanga. Kongezwe koku yinkcazo entsha yeempazamo zokuxhomekeka, ngoku ecaciswe ngokucacileyo ukuze kube lula ukuqonda.
Sala kakuhle kwi-apt-key
Nge-APT 3.0, isixhobo esidala i-apt-key iyekwa ngokusemthethweni. Imodeli yayo yokuqinisekisa, esekelwe kwi-keystore yehlabathi ekwabelwana ngayo (/etc/apt/trusted.gpg), ithathelwe indawo yi-architecture ekhuselekileyo, apho i-repository nganye inokugcinwa kwayo kwizikhokelo ezifana /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/ okanye /etc/apt/keyrings/.
Kwakhona, inkxaso ye gpg-sq yongezwa, into eluncedo ebhalwe kwiRust esekwe kwiprojekthi yeSequoia, leyo ilinganisa ukwenziwa kwe-GPG kwaye ivumela ukuqinisekiswa kwemisayino yedijithali ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwinkqubo endala. Esi sixhobo sithatha kuqala kune gpg, oku kuthetha ukuba ukuyifaka nje kuya kunyanzela i-APT ukuba iyisebenzise ngokungagqibekanga. Ingqungquthela yolwandiso lwefayile entsha ikwamkelwe: .asc ye ASCII izitshixo kunye .gpg yezitshixo zokubini. Naluphi na olunye ulwandiso luya kuvelisa imposiso, ikunyanzela ukuba unyenyise amanye amagama efayile kuqwalaselo olukhoyo.
Iimpawu ezintsha kunye nophuculo kwi-APT 3.0
Phakathi kolunye uphuculo oluphawulekayo, inguqulelo entsha ibandakanya:
- Ukuphucula ngokutshintsha iGnuTLS kunye neelayibrari zeGcrypt nge-OpenSSL-based backend.
- I -comment inketho ikuvumela ukuba ushiye amanqaku arekhodiweyo kwimbali yentengiselwano.
- Inkxaso eyongeziweyo ye-Zama kwakhona-Emva kwesihloko se-HTTP, ulungiselela ukuqaliswa kokukhutshelwa okuphazamisekileyo.
- Uluhlu olufanelekileyo lomyalelo ngoku lubandakanya i--target-release ukhetho lokucoca iziphumo ngokusekelwe kuguqulelo ekujoliswe kulo.
- Umboniso ofanelekileyo -umyalelo ogcweleyo ngoku ubonisa ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuphina nge-APT-Pin, i-APT-Candidate, kunye ne-APT-Release fields.
- Inqanaba elitsha lempazamo "lophicotho", elenziwe nge--audit, likuvumela ukuba uchonge imingcipheko enokubakho okanye i-anomalies ngexesha lolawulo lwephakheji.
- Kuyacetyiswa ukubiza iifayile zemithombo.list.d ezinegama lomthengisi ngonobumba abancinci, umzekelo: $(dpkg-vendor –query Vendor | tr AZ az).sources.
Okokugqibela, icandelo le-pkgDepCache liphuculwe ngenkxaso yentengiselwano kunye nokubala kohlaziyo, ukwandisa ukusebenziseka kwayo njengesixhobo sohlalutyo lokuxhomekeka kwenkqubo yangaphakathi.
Okokugqibela, kufanelekile ukuba ikhankanywe Inguqulelo entsha ngoku iyafumaneka kwisebe le-Debian Unstable kwaye ikwinkqubo yokudityaniswa kuVavanyo lweDebian, apho iDebian 13 yexesha elizayo iphuhliswa. Ukufakwa kwayo kwii-Ubuntu zokugcina zicwangcisiwe.
Ukuba unomdla wokufunda ngakumbi ngayo, ungajonga iinkcukacha kwi ukulandela ikhonkco.